Source

Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information

bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 · Peer-reviewed

DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbag098

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Records in this release that cite this source. A record can cite several sources.

14 models
40 configurations
1 benchmark
36 protocols
1,190 evaluations
1,182 results

Results

Values as the source printed them. Compare results only under compatible protocols, datasets and metrics.

Value	Metric	Model or configuration	Dataset	Evaluation
0.571±0.002 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.763±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.705±0.001 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.325±0.007 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.534±0.001 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.740±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.696±0.001 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.306±0.008 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.535±0.037 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, mean)
0.517 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, median)
0.053±0.055 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, mean)
0.022 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, median)
0.066±0.065 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, mean)
0.043 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median)
0.291±0.003 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.621±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.025±0.003 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.307±0.005 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.623±0.002 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.015±0.003 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.022±0.027 unitless	F1 (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, mean)
0.013 unitless	F1 (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, median)
0.004±0.030 unitless	MCC (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, mean)
-0.002 unitless	MCC (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, median)
0.014±0.015 unitless	F1 (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, mean)
0.008 unitless	F1 (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, median)
0.000±0.014 unitless	MCC (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, mean)
-0.001 unitless	MCC (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, median)
0.626±0.001 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.795±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.722±0.001 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.392±0.008 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.486±0.000 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.691±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.676±0.001 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.176±0.009 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.550±0.037 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, mean)
0.548 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, median)
0.076±0.059 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, mean)
0.075 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, median)
0.100±0.077 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, mean)
0.093 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median)
0.326±0.003 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.640±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.003±0.003 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.371±0.002 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.647±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)

Models, benchmarks and other records

Models (14)

Configurations (40)

Benchmarks (1)

Zero-shot RNA language model benchmark (Wang et al. 2026)

Protocols (36)

Evaluations (1,190)

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18 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
Property and statement	Original source and location	Review and provenance
attributes.artifact_sha256 c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.artifact_sha256` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Artifact url https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12963973/supplementaryFiles Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.artifact_url` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Doi 10.1093/bib/bbag098 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.doi` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Licence CC-BY-4.0 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.licence` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Limitations 2 values The upward arrows in the column headers are in a symbol font and are lost in the text runs; directions are taken from the Methods. Bold marks (best per model class) are not recorded. Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.limitations` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Media type application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.media_type` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Publication status peer_reviewed Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.publication_status` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Retrieved at 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.retrieved_at` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Url https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbag098 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.url` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Version bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973 Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.version` Source artifact SHA-256: `c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact

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Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

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Stable ID: lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-source-wang2026-supplement

areas: rna-transcriptomes
contexts: research
url: https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbag098
artifact url: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12963973/supplementaryFiles
version: bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973
retrieved at: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z
artifact sha256: c8fc78c3d8538c9431fc0448a4068a7643dfb7d74558877fd40b36feba71e214
doi: 10.1093/bib/bbag098
publication status: peer_reviewed
licence: CC-BY-4.0
media type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
limitations: The upward arrows in the column headers are in a symbol font and are lost in the text runs; directions are taken from the Methods.; Bold marks (best per model class) are not recorded.

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