Protocol

Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays)

Zero-shot: pseudo-log-likelihood difference from token logits; SR reported as median over assays (Supplementary Table 11).

35 evaluations · 35 results

Overview

An explanatory profile has not yet been reviewed for this record.

Consult the linked sources for architecture or protocol details. Missing evidence is not evidence of a missing capability.

35 recorded evaluations, 35 metric rows. A comparison chart has not yet been validated for these results. The table retains the individual findings and their sources.

View coverage and remaining gaps across all benchmarks

Results

Results are available, but no reviewed comparison panel is linked in this release.

All evaluations

35 evaluations · 35 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) · Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)

Sorted by Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) (higher is better). The best value in each column is highlighted. Decimals are rounded for display; each value links to the printed value and its source.

Tested configuration	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays)
EVO1.5 (8k_base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.178 (best in column)
AIDO.RNA (1.6B) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.136
RiNALMo (mega) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.135
Uni-RNA (L8) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.133
RiNALMo (giga) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.114
RFamLlama (Base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.11
AIDO.RNA (650M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.106
Uni-RNA (L12) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.106
EVO1 (8k_base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.105
LAMAR (2k) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.104
RNA-FM (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.103
GenerRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.097
RFamLlama (Large) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.097
LAMAR (4k) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.095
DGRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.094
3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.093
LucaOne (D17.6M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.091
Uni-RNA (L16) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.087
DNABERT-2 (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.086
RiNALMo (micro) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.086
NT (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.085
ProtRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.084
PlantRNA-FM (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.083
RNAErnie (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.081
LucaOne (G36.8M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.079
SpliceBERT (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.079
MP-RNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.077
3UTRBERT (K6) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.073
DNABERT (k=3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.068
LucaOne (D36.0M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.068
DNABERT (k=6) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.067
RNABERT (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.067
UTR_LM (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.067
3UTRBERT (K5) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.065
3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)Evaluation	0.043

All 35 result rows with coverage, uncertainty and sources

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Tested model or methodProtocolDatasetEvaluation setupMetricEvidence origin

Applied filters: All linked evaluations

Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configuration	Protocol and dataset	Finding	Evidence and details
Configuration: 3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.043 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source 3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row '3UTRBERT (K3)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: 3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.093 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source 3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row '3UTRBERT (K4)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: 3UTRBERT (K5) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.065 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source 3UTRBERT (K5) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row '3UTRBERT (K5)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: 3UTRBERT (K6) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.073 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source 3UTRBERT (K6) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row '3UTRBERT (K6)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: AIDO.RNA (1.6B) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.136 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source AIDO.RNA (1.6B) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'AIDO.RNA (1.6B)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: AIDO.RNA (650M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.106 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source AIDO.RNA (650M) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'AIDO.RNA (650M)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: DGRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.094 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source DGRNA zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'DGRNA', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: DNABERT-2 (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.086 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source DNABERT-2 zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'DNABERT-2', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: DNABERT (k=3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.068 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source DNABERT (k=3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'DNABERT (k=3)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: DNABERT (k=6) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.067 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source DNABERT (k=6) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'DNABERT (k=6)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: EVO1.5 (8k_base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.178 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source EVO1.5 (8k_base) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'EVO1.5 (8k_base)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: EVO1 (8k_base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.105 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source EVO1 (8k_base) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'EVO1 (8k_base)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: GenerRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.097 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source GenerRNA zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'GenerRNA', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: LAMAR (2k) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.104 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source LAMAR (2k) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'LAMAR (2k)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: LAMAR (4k) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.095 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source LAMAR (4k) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'LAMAR (4k)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: LucaOne (D17.6M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.091 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source LucaOne (D17.6M) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'LucaOne (D17.6M)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: LucaOne (D36.0M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.068 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source LucaOne (D36.0M) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'LucaOne (D36.0M)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: LucaOne (G36.8M) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.079 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source LucaOne (G36.8M) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'LucaOne (G36.8M)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: MP-RNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.077 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source MP-RNA zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'MP-RNA', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: NT (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.085 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source NT zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'NT', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: PlantRNA-FM (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.083 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source PlantRNA-FM zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'PlantRNA-FM', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: ProtRNA (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.084 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ProtRNA zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'ProtRNA', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: RFamLlama (Base) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.11 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source RFamLlama (Base) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'RFamLlama (Base)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: RFamLlama (Large) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.097 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source RFamLlama (Large) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'RFamLlama (Large)', column 'SR' (Median)
Configuration: RiNALMo (giga) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	Protocol: Wang et al. 2026 zero-shot fitness, RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays), PLL-D, SR (median over assays) Dataset: RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	0.114 Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Independent external evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source RiNALMo (giga) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median) lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median Aggregation: Not reported Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information; Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Supplementary Table 11, row 'RiNALMo (giga)', column 'SR' (Median)

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Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
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Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

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Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models: Supplementary Information · Original source · bbag098_supplymentary_information_20260209.docx from the Europe PMC supplementary files archive for PMC12963973
Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning · Original source · Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML

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Stable ID: lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-protocol-t11-sr-median

areas: rna-transcriptomes
contexts: research
protocol: Zero-shot: pseudo-log-likelihood difference from token logits. Metric SR, median over assays.
version: Wang et al. 2026
metric: absolute-spearman-correlation
metric direction: higher
unit: unitless
metric qualifier: PLL-D; median over assays
source locator: Supplementary Table 11 caption and column 'SR'; main text Methods
limitations: Zero-shot only; no fine-tuning or task head.; Binarisation for MCC, F1 and AUC in the fitness task is not described in the main text or supplement.

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