Source

Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning

Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML · Peer-reviewed

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Records in this release that cite this source. A record can cite several sources.

1 benchmark
36 protocols
5 datasets
1,190 evaluations
1,182 results

Results

Values as the source printed them. Compare results only under compatible protocols, datasets and metrics.

Value	Metric	Model or configuration	Dataset	Evaluation
0.571±0.002 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.763±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.705±0.001 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.325±0.007 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.534±0.001 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.740±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.696±0.001 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.306±0.008 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.535±0.037 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, mean)
0.517 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, median)
0.053±0.055 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, mean)
0.022 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, median)
0.066±0.065 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, mean)
0.043 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median)
0.291±0.003 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.621±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.025±0.003 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.307±0.005 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.623±0.002 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.015±0.003 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.022±0.027 unitless	F1 (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, mean)
0.013 unitless	F1 (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, median)
0.004±0.030 unitless	MCC (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, mean)
-0.002 unitless	MCC (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS test set (70 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS test set (70 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, median)
0.014±0.015 unitless	F1 (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, mean)
0.008 unitless	F1 (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, F1 score, median)
0.000±0.014 unitless	MCC (attention; mean over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, mean)
-0.001 unitless	MCC (attention; median over structures)	3UTRBERT (K3) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K3) zero-shot secondary structure on TS-Hard test set (15 PDB structures) (attention, MCC, median)
0.626±0.001 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.795±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.722±0.001 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.392±0.008 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.486±0.000 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.691±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.676±0.001 unitless	F1 (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.176±0.009 unitless	MCC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot family classification on RfamSample (561 Rfam families) (FFT embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.550±0.037 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, mean)
0.548 unitless	AUROC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, AUC, median)
0.076±0.059 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, mean)
0.075 unitless	MCC (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, MCC, median)
0.100±0.077 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; mean over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, mean)
0.093 unitless	Absolute spearman correlation (PLL-D; median over assays)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot fitness on RNAGym ncRNA DMS assays (31 assays) (PLL-D, SR, median)
0.326±0.003 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.640±0.001 unitless	AUROC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)
0.667±0.000 unitless	F1 (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, F1, sampled-mean)
0.003±0.003 unitless	MCC (CLS embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (CLS embedding, MCC, sampled-mean)
0.371±0.002 unitless	One minus overlap ratio (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, 1 − OR, sampled-mean)
0.647±0.001 unitless	AUROC (FFT embedding; mean over random samplings of sequence pairs)	3UTRBERT (K4) (zero-shot, Wang et al. 2026)	ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (Wang et al. 2026)	3UTRBERT (K4) zero-shot RNA type classification on ArchiveII-Nr (1273 RNAs) (FFT embedding, AUC, sampled-mean)

Models, benchmarks and other records

Benchmarks (1)

Zero-shot RNA language model benchmark (Wang et al. 2026)

Protocols (36)

Datasets (5)

Evaluations (1,190)

Evidence

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18 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
Property and statement	Original source and location	Review and provenance
attributes.artifact_sha256 835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.artifact_sha256` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Artifact url https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12963973/fullTextXML Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.artifact_url` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Doi 10.1093/bib/bbag098 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.doi` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Licence CC-BY-4.0 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.licence` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Limitations 1 values All benchmark numbers are in the supplementary Word file; the main text shows them as figures only. Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.limitations` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Media type application/xml Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.media_type` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Publication status peer_reviewed Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.publication_status` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Retrieved at 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.retrieved_at` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Url https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbag098 Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.url` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Version Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Source metadata	Zero-shot benchmarking of RNA language models in structural, functional, and evolutionary learning Original source ↗ No field-specific location recorded Version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z	catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit details Field: `attributes.version` Source artifact SHA-256: `835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact

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Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

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Stable ID: lit-rna-20261011-rnalm-zeroshot-source-wang2026

areas: rna-transcriptomes
contexts: research
url: https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbag098
artifact url: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12963973/fullTextXML
version: Briefings in Bioinformatics 2026, bbag098 (issue date 2026-03-01); PMC12963973 full-text XML
retrieved at: 2026-10-11T21:27:04Z
artifact sha256: 835b64d52ae892cad113e798b2976c398dc9ed12178f675e0eabd2169f533808
doi: 10.1093/bib/bbag098
publication status: peer_reviewed
licence: CC-BY-4.0
media type: application/xml
limitations: All benchmark numbers are in the supplementary Word file; the main text shows them as figures only.

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