Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy
2025 · version of record · Peer-reviewed
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- ArchiveII (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 6: ArchiveII INF)
- ArchiveII (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 6: ArchiveII INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 6: ArchiveII INF)
- BPfold · F1 · PDB RNA set: attributes.metric_direction: Metric direction higher (Table 2 (Tab2), row 3 BPfold, column 7: PDB F1)
- bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF)
- bpRNA-TS0 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Sequence-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold), and non-ML methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on bpRNA-TS0 ( n = 1305 RNAs) and ArchiveII ( n = 3966 RNAs) datasets; Table 1 (Tab1), row 3 BPfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 11 SimFold, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF; Table 1 (Tab1), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: bpRNA-TS0 INF)
- PDB (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Family-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold) and non-learning methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on Rfam12.3–14.10 ( n = 10,791 RNAs) and PDB ( n = 116 RNAs) datasets; Table 2 (Tab2), row 3 BPfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 5 MXfold2, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 6 ContextFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 8 EternaFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 9 LinearFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 10 RNAfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 11 SimFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 12 RNAstructure, column 6: PDB INF)
- PDB (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Family-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold) and non-learning methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on Rfam12.3–14.10 ( n = 10,791 RNAs) and PDB ( n = 116 RNAs) datasets; Table 2 (Tab2), row 3 BPfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 5 MXfold2, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 6 ContextFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 8 EternaFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 9 LinearFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 10 RNAfold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 11 SimFold, column 6: PDB INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 12 RNAstructure, column 6: PDB INF)
- Reported F1 for BPfold: Printed value 0.814 (Table 2, BPfold row, PDB F1 column)
- Reported F1 for RNAfold: Printed value 0.747 (Table 2, RNAfold row, PDB F1 column)
- Rfam12.3–14.10 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:catalog-task-rna-secondary-structure: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Family-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold) and non-learning methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on Rfam12.3–14.10 ( n = 10,791 RNAs) and PDB ( n = 116 RNAs) datasets; Table 2 (Tab2), row 3 BPfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 11 SimFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF)
- Rfam12.3–14.10 (RNA secondary structure): links:evaluates_task:reported-task-dc82fcbfb44935: Evaluates task RNA secondary structure (Family-wise evaluation of three DL methods (BPfold, SPOT-RNA, and MXfold2), three shallow learning methods (ContextFold, CONTRAfold, and EternaFold) and non-learning methods (LinearFold, RNAfold, SimFold, and RNAstructure) on Rfam12.3–14.10 ( n = 10,791 RNAs) and PDB ( n = 116 RNAs) datasets; Table 2 (Tab2), row 3 BPfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 4 SPOT-RNA, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 5 MXfold2, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 6 ContextFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 7 CONTRAfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 8 EternaFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 9 LinearFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 10 RNAfold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 11 SimFold, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF; Table 2 (Tab2), row 12 RNAstructure, column 2: Rfam12.3–14.10 INF)
- RNAfold · F1 · PDB RNA set: attributes.metric_direction: Metric direction higher (Table 2 (Tab2), row 10 RNAfold, column 7: PDB F1)
Models, benchmarks and other records
Configurations (12)
Tasks (2)
Protocols (4)
Datasets (4)
Evaluations (40)
- BPfold: ArchiveII
- BPfold: bpRNA-TS0
- BPfold: Rfam12.3–14.10
- BPfold: RNA secondary structure
- ContextFold: ArchiveII
- ContextFold: bpRNA-TS0
- ContextFold: PDB
- ContextFold: Rfam12.3–14.10
- CONTRAfold: ArchiveII
- CONTRAfold: bpRNA-TS0
- CONTRAfold: PDB
- CONTRAfold: Rfam12.3–14.10
- EternaFold: ArchiveII
- EternaFold: bpRNA-TS0
- EternaFold: PDB
- EternaFold: Rfam12.3–14.10
- LinearFold: ArchiveII
- LinearFold: bpRNA-TS0
- LinearFold: PDB
- LinearFold: Rfam12.3–14.10
- MXfold2: ArchiveII
- MXfold2: bpRNA-TS0
- MXfold2: PDB
- MXfold2: Rfam12.3–14.10
- RNAfold: ArchiveII
Evidence
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18 evidence rows matching the loaded filters
| Property and statement | Original source and location | Review and provenance |
|---|---|---|
| Artifact retrieved at 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00 Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Artifact SHA-256 976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Artifact url https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12216785/fullTextXML Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Doi 10.1038/s41467-025-60048-1 Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Missing metadata: licence: reason unextracted Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Publication status peer_reviewed Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Retrieved at 2026-09-15T23:25:00Z Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Scope decision included Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Url https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12216785/ Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
| Version version of record Source metadata | Deep generalizable prediction of RNA secondary structure via base pair motif energy No field-specific location recorded Version: version of record | catalogued No individual claim review recorded Audit detailsField: Source artifact SHA-256: Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record |
Sources and history
Release 2026-11-02-a7f03c9e55a5 · Record review: discovered
Primary paper retained with its original identifier. Metadata inherited from the literature collection; individual result checks are separate.
Technical metadata and extraction receipts
Stable ID: bpfold-2025
- areas
- rna-transcriptomes
- url
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12216785/
- version
- version of record
- retrieved at
- 2026-09-15T23:25:00Z
- doi
- 10.1038/s41467-025-60048-1
- publication status
- peer_reviewed
- year
- 2025
- artifact sha256
- 976218bd172998a1a6e7ed1609ecb8cb2ee380fb48a8dc7b25bc05ea8b0a49af
- artifact url
- https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12216785/fullTextXML
- artifact retrieved at
- 2026-09-16T10:41:16.502000+00:00
- scope decision
- included
- missing metadata
- licence: reason: unextracted