Evaluation

Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026)

Published clinical comparison; transcribed, not reproduced.

Evaluation results

1 evaluation · 20 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) · Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)

Sorted by Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) (higher is better). The best value in each column is highlighted. Decimals are rounded for display; each value links to the printed value and its source.

Tested configuration	Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)
Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026Evaluation	39.3%	69.7%	50.8%	80.3%	14.1%	69.3%	44.9%	80.7%	84.1%	75%	93.3%	66.7%	35.6%	14.6%	19.2%	8%	61.1%	97.5%	98%	99%

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Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configuration	Protocol and dataset	Finding	Evidence and details
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	39.3% Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 31.13 to 48.21 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	14.1% Negative predictive value (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 8.06 to 23.51 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	84.1% Precision (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 70.63 to 92.07 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	35.6% Recall (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 27.04 to 45.14 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	61.1% Specificity (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 38.62 to 79.70 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	69.7% Accuracy (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 61.02 to 77.13 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	69.3% Negative predictive value (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 60.32 to 77.02 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	75% Precision (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 40.93 to 92.85 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	14.6% Recall (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 6.88 to 28.44 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	97.5% Specificity (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 91.44 to 99.32 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	50.8% Accuracy (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 42.06 to 59.53 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	44.9% Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 35.78 to 54.30 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	93.3% Precision (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 70.18 to 98.81 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	19.2% Recall (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 11.78 to 29.66 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	98% Specificity (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 89.31 to 99.64 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	80.3% Accuracy (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 72.40 to 86.41 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	80.7% Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 72.66 to 86.76 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	66.7% Precision (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 20.77 to 93.85 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	8% Recall (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 2.22 to 24.97 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	99% Specificity (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 94.39 to 99.82 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source Blood-mNGS against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'Blood-mNGS', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'

Source checking is not independent reproduction. Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6.

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Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Evidence verified: Not verified

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Evaluation procedure

Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2)

Configuration: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026
Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2)
Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)

origin: Author-reported evaluation
configuration: Primary source as retrieved 2026-10-11
protocol id: dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis
dataset version: 122-patient severe pneumonia-associated sepsis cohort (Huang et al. 2026)
split: Single cohort
population: 122 patients; strata by pathogen class as printed
inputs: Blood (microbial cell-free DNA for the NGS assays)
adaptation: TIANamp Micro DNA Kit extraction; NextSeq 550 at 20 M reads per sample; automated analysis with hg38 host removal
metric implementation: Patient-level sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy against the final clinical diagnosis
aggregation: All patients in the stratum
budget: Not reported

Metadata review: source checked. Unreported conditions prevent automatic comparisons.

Reproduction

Split: Single cohort
Adaptation: TIANamp Micro DNA Kit extraction; NextSeq 550 at 20 M reads per sample; automated analysis with hg38 host removal
Scoring implementation: Patient-level sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy against the final clinical diagnosis

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Evidence table

Inspect claims, sources and review details

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19 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
Property and statement	Original source and location	Review and provenance
Comparison: adaptation TIANamp Micro DNA Kit extraction; NextSeq 550 at 20 M reads per sample; automated analysis with hg38 host removal Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.adaptation` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: aggregation All patients in the stratum Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.aggregation` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: budget Not reported Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	missing or unspecified No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.budget` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: dataset version 122-patient severe pneumonia-associated sepsis cohort (Huang et al. 2026) Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.dataset_version` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: inputs Blood (microbial cell-free DNA for the NGS assays) Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.inputs` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: metric implementation Patient-level sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy against the final clinical diagnosis Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.metric_implementation` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: population 122 patients; strata by pathogen class as printed Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.population` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: protocol id dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.protocol_id` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Comparison: split Single cohort Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.comparison.split` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Limitations 2 values The reference was established primarily from BALF mNGS and CMT results, so CMTs is scored against a reference that contains it. Two co-authors (Dejian Gu and Hao Liu) are affiliated with Geneplus-Beijing, which supplies the bstNGS probes and analysis kits; the article declares no competing interests. Context-only references	Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis Original source ↗ Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS' Version: Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML Retrieved: 2026-10-11T22:07:38Z	not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded author reported Audit details Field: `attributes.limitations` Source artifact SHA-256: `79b237d733d9ad3af33722c30013afb0539adf03098ca1e1c2f18344bcc4a67d` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact

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Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

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Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Original source · Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML

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Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-eval-mngs

areas: microbes-communities
contexts: clinical_research
origin: author_reported
protocol: dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis
version: Primary source as retrieved 2026-10-11
comparison: protocol id: dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis; dataset version: 122-patient severe pneumonia-associated sepsis cohort (Huang et al. 2026); split: Single cohort; population: 122 patients; strata by pathogen class as printed; inputs: Blood (microbial cell-free DNA for the NGS assays); adaptation: TIANamp Micro DNA Kit extraction; NextSeq 550 at 20 M reads per sample; automated analysis with hg38 host removal; metric implementation: Patient-level sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy against the final clinical diagnosis; aggregation: All patients in the stratum; budget: Not reported
source locator: Table 2, rows 'Blood-mNGS'
limitations: The reference was established primarily from BALF mNGS and CMT results, so CMTs is scored against a reference that contains it.; Two co-authors (Dejian Gu and Hao Liu) are affiliated with Geneplus-Beijing, which supplies the bstNGS probes and analysis kits; the article declares no competing interests.

Related records

system: Blood metagenomic NGS (Illumina NextSeq 550; Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026
assessment: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2)
data: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)
evaluation: huang2026 all mngs accuracy
evaluation: huang2026 all mngs npv
evaluation: huang2026 all mngs ppv
evaluation: huang2026 all mngs sensitivity
evaluation: huang2026 all mngs specificity
evaluation: huang2026 fungal mngs accuracy
evaluation: huang2026 fungal mngs npv
evaluation: huang2026 fungal mngs ppv
evaluation: huang2026 fungal mngs sensitivity
evaluation: huang2026 fungal mngs specificity
evaluation: huang2026 gnb mngs accuracy
evaluation: huang2026 gnb mngs npv
evaluation: huang2026 gnb mngs ppv
evaluation: huang2026 gnb mngs sensitivity
evaluation: huang2026 gnb mngs specificity
evaluation: huang2026 gpb mngs accuracy
evaluation: huang2026 gpb mngs npv
evaluation: huang2026 gpb mngs ppv
evaluation: huang2026 gpb mngs sensitivity
evaluation: huang2026 gpb mngs specificity

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