Configuration

Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026

CMTs as applied to the blood samples of the 122-patient cohort.

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Evaluations and results

1 evaluation · 20 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) · Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)

Sorted by Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) (higher is better). The best value in each column is highlighted. Decimals are rounded for display; each value links to the printed value and its source.

Tested configuration	Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Accuracy (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Precision (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Recall (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)	Specificity (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis)
Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026Evaluation	54.9%	77%	62.3%	84.4%	23.2%	74.8%	51.8%	83.6%	96.2%	93.3%	86.5%	100%	49%	34.1%	43.8%	24%	88.9%	98.8%	89.8%	100%

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Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configuration	Protocol and dataset	Finding	Evidence and details
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	54.9% Accuracy (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 46.07 to 63.46 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	23.2% Negative predictive value (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 14.81 to 34.40 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	96.2% Precision (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 87.25 to 98.96 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	49% Recall (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 39.64 to 58.51 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	88.9% Specificity (patient level; all pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 67.20 to 96.90 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'All pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	77% Accuracy (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 68.83 to 83.62 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	74.8% Negative predictive value (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 65.78 to 82.04 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	93.3% Precision (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 70.18 to 98.81 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	34.1% Recall (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 21.56 to 49.45 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	98.8% Specificity (patient level; fungal pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 93.33 to 99.78 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'Fungal pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	62.3% Accuracy (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 53.44 to 70.40 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	51.8% Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 41.30 to 62.08 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	86.5% Precision (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 72.02 to 94.09 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	43.8% Recall (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 33.05 to 55.24 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	89.8% Specificity (patient level; gram-negative bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 78.24 to 95.56 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GNB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	84.4% Accuracy (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 76.95 to 89.80 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Accuracy (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	83.6% Negative predictive value (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 75.83 to 89.26 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'NPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	100% Precision (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 60.97 to 100.00 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'PPV (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	24% Recall (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 11.50 to 43.43 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Sensitivity (95%CI)'
Configuration: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026), as run in Huang et al. 2026	Protocol: Patient-level detection of causative pathogens in blood against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026 Table 2) Dataset: 122 ICU patients with severe pneumonia-associated sepsis and paired blood and BALF (Huang et al. 2026)	100% Specificity (patient level; gram-positive bacterial pneumonia; reference: final clinical diagnosis) percent · higher Uncertainty: 95% CI 96.19 to 100.00 Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Author-reported evaluation · Source checked Methods, coverage and source CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026) dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-protocol-clinical-diagnosis Aggregation: Not reported Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Table 2, stratum 'GPB pneumonia', row 'CMTs', column 'Specificity (95%CI)'

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Blood-based targeted sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA in severe pneumonia-associated sepsis · Original source · Respiratory Research 27:357, published 2026-06-24; PMC13584460 full-text XML

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Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: dna-pathogen-20261011-huang2026-config-cmt

areas: microbes-communities
contexts: clinical_research
method types: conventional_pipeline
reported name: CMTs
parameters: Smear, culture, serology and PCR (Daan Gene; Cepheid) as ordered clinically
foundation model eligible: false
access reuse: Clinical laboratory tests
source locator: Methods 'bstNGS assay workflow and mNGS steps'; Supplementary Methods (not inspected)
missing metadata: version: reason: unreported; note: No software or database versions are given

Related records

configuration of: Conventional microbiological tests (Huang et al. 2026)
system: CMTs against the final clinical diagnosis (Huang et al. 2026)

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