rewirebio.iobenchmarks
Dataset

ClinVar stop-gain variants, pathogenic vs benign (Brandes et al. 2023)

36,034 pathogenic and 345 benign stop-gain variants with at least one ClinVar gold star and RefSeq exon annotations, split by whether the 50 bp rule predicts nonsense-mediated decay.

Evaluation results

4 evaluations · 4 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Filter evaluations

Applied filters: All linked evaluations

Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configurationProtocol and datasetFindingEvidence and details
Configuration: ESM1b minimum-LLR stop-gain score (Brandes et al. 2023)Protocol: ClinVar stop-gain pathogenicity by NMD status, ROC-AUC (Brandes et al. 2023 Fig. 6d, Supplementary Table 2)
Dataset: ClinVar stop-gain variants, pathogenic vs benign (Brandes et al. 2023)
0.683 AUROC (ROC-AUC, pathogenic versus benign ClinVar all stop-gains; zero-shot)
unitless · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported by the source

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

ESM1b-minLLR on all stop-gains (Brandes et al. 2023)

gfm-guides-20261014-esm1b-protocol-clinvar-stop-gains

Aggregation: Not reported

Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Table 2: full benchmark evaluations of ESM1b and all other methods · Supplementary Table 2 sheet 'Table_of_results_stop_gains' cell D2, row 'ESM1b-minLLR', column 'AUC_ALL'
Method: 50 bp rule for nonsense-mediated decayProtocol: ClinVar stop-gain pathogenicity by NMD status, ROC-AUC (Brandes et al. 2023 Fig. 6d, Supplementary Table 2)
Dataset: ClinVar stop-gain variants, pathogenic vs benign (Brandes et al. 2023)
0.662 AUROC (ROC-AUC, pathogenic versus benign ClinVar all stop-gains; zero-shot)
unitless · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported by the source

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

50bp rule on all stop-gains (Brandes et al. 2023)

gfm-guides-20261014-esm1b-protocol-clinvar-stop-gains

Aggregation: Not reported

Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Table 2: full benchmark evaluations of ESM1b and all other methods · Supplementary Table 2 sheet 'Table_of_results_stop_gains' cell D5, row '50bp rule', column 'AUC_ALL'
Method: Number of residues lost (stop-gain baseline)Protocol: ClinVar stop-gain pathogenicity by NMD status, ROC-AUC (Brandes et al. 2023 Fig. 6d, Supplementary Table 2)
Dataset: ClinVar stop-gain variants, pathogenic vs benign (Brandes et al. 2023)
0.695 AUROC (ROC-AUC, pathogenic versus benign ClinVar all stop-gains; zero-shot)
unitless · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported by the source

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

num. AA lost on all stop-gains (Brandes et al. 2023)

gfm-guides-20261014-esm1b-protocol-clinvar-stop-gains

Aggregation: Not reported

Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Table 2: full benchmark evaluations of ESM1b and all other methods · Supplementary Table 2 sheet 'Table_of_results_stop_gains' cell D3, row 'num. AA lost', column 'AUC_ALL'
Method: Percentage of residues lost (stop-gain baseline)Protocol: ClinVar stop-gain pathogenicity by NMD status, ROC-AUC (Brandes et al. 2023 Fig. 6d, Supplementary Table 2)
Dataset: ClinVar stop-gain variants, pathogenic vs benign (Brandes et al. 2023)
0.579 AUROC (ROC-AUC, pathogenic versus benign ClinVar all stop-gains; zero-shot)
unitless · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported by the source

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

pct. AA lost on all stop-gains (Brandes et al. 2023)

gfm-guides-20261014-esm1b-protocol-clinvar-stop-gains

Aggregation: Not reported

Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Table 2: full benchmark evaluations of ESM1b and all other methods · Supplementary Table 2 sheet 'Table_of_results_stop_gains' cell D4, row 'pct. AA lost', column 'AUC_ALL'

Source checking is not independent reproduction. Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6.

Research readiness

0 of 4 readiness checks met. These checks assess whether the evidence supports a reproducible investigation; a source-checked score alone does not meet them.

Readiness checks, gaps and artifacts

Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Evidence verified: Not verified

Evidence incomplete

Replay metrics

Exact outcomes, predictions, identifiers and evaluator are connected.

Missing or unresolved evidence

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  • File checksums match the recorded files: not yet verified
  • Predictions are matched to the right samples: not yet verified
  • Score meaning and direction are confirmed: not yet verified
  • Metrics are recomputed from the saved predictions: not yet verified

Verified: Not verified

Evidence incomplete

Investigate discrepancies

Replay evidence includes annotations and an assessment of dependence. Unknown independence permits descriptive analysis only.

Missing or unresolved evidence

  • No verified artifact manifest is linked to this exact record.
  • File checksums match the recorded files: not yet verified
  • Predictions are matched to the right samples: not yet verified
  • Score meaning and direction are confirmed: not yet verified
  • Metrics are recomputed from the saved predictions: not yet verified
  • Sample annotations are recorded: not yet verified
  • Dependence between samples is assessed: not yet verified

Verified: Not verified

Evidence incomplete

Run locally

A pinned recipe describes the inputs, environment and resource requirements.

Missing or unresolved evidence

  • No verified artifact manifest is linked to this exact record.
  • File checksums match the recorded files: not yet verified
  • Predictions are matched to the right samples: not yet verified
  • Score meaning and direction are confirmed: not yet verified
  • A pinned run recipe exists: not yet verified
  • Compute requirements are estimated: not yet verified

Verified: Not verified

Evidence incomplete

Validate independently

Separate data and exposure records support an independent test.

Missing or unresolved evidence

  • No verified artifact manifest is linked to this exact record.
  • File checksums match the recorded files: not yet verified
  • Predictions are matched to the right samples: not yet verified
  • Score meaning and direction are confirmed: not yet verified
  • Independent validation data exist: not yet verified
  • Overlap with training data is checked: not yet verified

Verified: Not verified

Readiness describes the evidence in this release. Availability on your computer is checked separately when an investigation runs. Existing data exposure can prevent independent validation even when files are available.

Artifacts and reproduction

No verified artifact manifest is connected to this record yet. The gaps above identify what is needed before analysis can begin.

Dataset and evaluation context

A dataset supplies biological observations. The evaluation protocol defines how those observations are split, used and scored.

Evidence

Source checking verifies the cited claim or transcription. It does not establish independent reproduction.

Evidence table

Inspect claims, sources and review details

Trace each statement to its source and review. A context-only reference supports the record generally; it does not verify an individual field. Source checking does not reproduce an experiment.

One row per statement and cited source. Multiple citations are not independent evaluations. Shared locators are labelled explicitly.

16 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
Property and statementOriginal source and locationReview and provenance
Denominator warning
The Methods ('AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', stop-gain bootstrap paragraph) give 32,441 pathogenic NMD variants and 36,113 pathogenic overall; the Fig. 6d legend and the Supplementary Methods give 32,362 and 36,034. Review 2026-10-14: each workbook stop-gain value times twice the product of the class counts printed in the Methods (3,672 x 147 without NMD; 32,441 x 198 with NMD; 36,113 x 345 overall) is an integer, as a ROC-AUC over the whole set is; with the legend counts (32,362 and 36,034 pathogenic) it is not, and a mean of 20 bootstrap ROC-AUCs on 140 + 140 variants would not be. The workbook values therefore appear to be whole-set ROC-AUCs on the Methods counts, not the plotted bootstrap means; the source does not say so.
Context-only references
Genome-wide prediction of disease variant effects with a deep protein language model (Brandes et al., Nature Genetics 2023)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:14Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.denominator_warning

Source artifact SHA-256: 919ca366369efbe7e0880565192de127375edddedb1aa43ad023dec612bb4a04

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-pmc10484790.xml.gz

Inspected artifact

Denominator warning
The Methods ('AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', stop-gain bootstrap paragraph) give 32,441 pathogenic NMD variants and 36,113 pathogenic overall; the Fig. 6d legend and the Supplementary Methods give 32,362 and 36,034. Review 2026-10-14: each workbook stop-gain value times twice the product of the class counts printed in the Methods (3,672 x 147 without NMD; 32,441 x 198 with NMD; 36,113 x 345 overall) is an integer, as a ROC-AUC over the whole set is; with the legend counts (32,362 and 36,034 pathogenic) it is not, and a mean of 20 bootstrap ROC-AUCs on 140 + 140 variants would not be. The workbook values therefore appear to be whole-set ROC-AUCs on the Methods counts, not the plotted bootstrap means; the source does not say so.
Context-only references
Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Information (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:21Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.denominator_warning

Source artifact SHA-256: 30f1c2713875c7cec40f0beee19864840bc55326ddf68918841f93f8bb897c2a

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-supplementary-information.pdf.gz

Inspected artifact

Denominator
36379
Context-only references
Genome-wide prediction of disease variant effects with a deep protein language model (Brandes et al., Nature Genetics 2023)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:14Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.denominator

Source artifact SHA-256: 919ca366369efbe7e0880565192de127375edddedb1aa43ad023dec612bb4a04

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-pmc10484790.xml.gz

Inspected artifact

Denominator
36379
Context-only references
Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Information (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:21Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.denominator

Source artifact SHA-256: 30f1c2713875c7cec40f0beee19864840bc55326ddf68918841f93f8bb897c2a

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-supplementary-information.pdf.gz

Inspected artifact

Population
ClinVar stop-gain variants with at least one gold star; 110 without exon annotations removed
Context-only references
Genome-wide prediction of disease variant effects with a deep protein language model (Brandes et al., Nature Genetics 2023)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:14Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.population

Source artifact SHA-256: 919ca366369efbe7e0880565192de127375edddedb1aa43ad023dec612bb4a04

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-pmc10484790.xml.gz

Inspected artifact

Population
ClinVar stop-gain variants with at least one gold star; 110 without exon annotations removed
Context-only references
Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Information (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:21Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.population

Source artifact SHA-256: 30f1c2713875c7cec40f0beee19864840bc55326ddf68918841f93f8bb897c2a

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-supplementary-information.pdf.gz

Inspected artifact

Source location
Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC
Context-only references
Genome-wide prediction of disease variant effects with a deep protein language model (Brandes et al., Nature Genetics 2023)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:14Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.source_locator

Source artifact SHA-256: 919ca366369efbe7e0880565192de127375edddedb1aa43ad023dec612bb4a04

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-pmc10484790.xml.gz

Inspected artifact

Source location
Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC
Context-only references
Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Information (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:21Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.source_locator

Source artifact SHA-256: 30f1c2713875c7cec40f0beee19864840bc55326ddf68918841f93f8bb897c2a

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-supplementary-information.pdf.gz

Inspected artifact

Split
Whole labelled set; no training on labels
Context-only references
Genome-wide prediction of disease variant effects with a deep protein language model (Brandes et al., Nature Genetics 2023)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:14Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.split

Source artifact SHA-256: 919ca366369efbe7e0880565192de127375edddedb1aa43ad023dec612bb4a04

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-pmc10484790.xml.gz

Inspected artifact

Split
Whole labelled set; no training on labels
Context-only references
Brandes et al. 2023 Supplementary Information (Supplementary Table 1 and Methods)

Original source ↗

Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Version of record, Nature Genetics 55, 1512-1522 (published 2023-08-10)
Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:03:21Z

not individually reviewed

No individual claim review recorded

Audit details

Field: attributes.split

Source artifact SHA-256: 30f1c2713875c7cec40f0beee19864840bc55326ddf68918841f93f8bb897c2a

Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record

Archive member: artifacts/brandes2023-supplementary-information.pdf.gz

Inspected artifact

How to read the evidence

Sources and history

Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

2 source records and release historyDownload this release (gzip)
Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: gfm-guides-20261014-esm1b-data-clinvar-stop-gains

areas
dna-genomes; protein-function
contexts
clinical_research
version
ClinVar variant_summary.txt.gz downloaded 2023-01-24 (GRCh38)
split
Whole labelled set; no training on labels
population
ClinVar stop-gain variants with at least one gold star; 110 without exon annotations removed
denominator
36379
denominator warning
The Methods ('AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', stop-gain bootstrap paragraph) give 32,441 pathogenic NMD variants and 36,113 pathogenic overall; the Fig. 6d legend and the Supplementary Methods give 32,362 and 36,034. Review 2026-10-14: each workbook stop-gain value times twice the product of the class counts printed in the Methods (3,672 x 147 without NMD; 32,441 x 198 with NMD; 36,113 x 345 overall) is an integer, as a ROC-AUC over the whole set is; with the legend counts (32,362 and 36,034 pathogenic) it is not, and a mean of 20 bootstrap ROC-AUCs on 140 + 140 variants would not be. The workbook values therefore appear to be whole-set ROC-AUCs on the Methods counts, not the plotted bootstrap means; the source does not say so.
source locator
Supplementary Methods 'Indels and stop gain ClinVar benchmarks' paragraph 2; Fig. 6d legend; Methods 'AUC metrics for pathogenicity classification', paragraph on bootstrapping the stop-gain ROC-AUC
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