Configuration

ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]

ESM-2 is a family of protein sequence encoders that produce representations for downstream protein analyses.

Sources (3)

facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json

2 evaluations · 19 results

How it worksESM-2 workflow

Conceptual summary of the documented data flow; optional inputs and configured downstream stages must be reported for a reproducible evaluation.

Sources (3)

Overview

Model type

Masked-token protein transformer encoder

Inputs

Single amino-acid sequences.

Outputs

Residue embeddings, sequence representations and masked-token predictions.

Access

Official project documentation and implementation: https://github.com/facebookresearch/esm

Sources (3)

limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-23. All specifications and missing details

Evaluations and results

2 evaluations · 19 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Sorted by Spearman (higher is better). The best value in each column is highlighted. Decimals are rounded for display; each value links to the printed value and its source.

Tested configuration	Protocol and dataset	Spearman	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Activity assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Binding assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Expression assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, High MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Human proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Low MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, mean over selection types of the per-type mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman (all 217 assays))	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Medium MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Organismal fitness assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Other eukaryote proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Prokaryote proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Stability assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 1 substitution: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 2 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 3 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 4 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 5 or more substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman)	Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Virus proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman)
ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]Evaluation	ProteinGym AMFR official zero-shot Spearman snapshot, ProteinGym AMFR 4G3O official snapshot cohort	0.26	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported	Not reported
ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]Evaluation	ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions, ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	Not reported	0.405	0.317	0.405	0.467	0.432	0.341	0.4	0.422	0.387	0.467	0.436	0.488	0.405	0.202	0.219	0.173	0.234	0.333

All 19 result rows with coverage, uncertainty and sources

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Tested model or methodProtocolDatasetEvaluation setupMetricEvidence origin

Applied filters: All linked evaluations

Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configuration	Protocol and dataset	Finding	Evidence and details
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym AMFR official zero-shot Spearman snapshot Dataset subset: ProteinGym AMFR 4G3O official snapshot cohort	0.26 Spearman unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B) AMFR official snapshot Not reported Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym AMFR assay-level Spearman comparison · DMS_substitutions_Spearman_DMS_level.csv line 15, DMS ID=AMFR_HUMAN_Tsuboyama_2023_4G3O, column=ESM2 (15B)
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.4 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, mean over selection types of the per-type mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman (all 217 assays)) unitless · higher Uncertainty: SE 0.01. From compute_bootstrap_standard_error_functional_categories in performance_DMS_benchmarks.py at 144fe22 (default 10,000 resamples, lines 95-111 and 310-315); not an absolute standard error of the model's own average. Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Average_Spearman'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.405 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 1 substitution: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Depth_1'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.202 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 2 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Depth_2'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.219 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 3 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Depth_3'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.173 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 4 substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Depth_4'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.234 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, variants with 5 or more substitutions: mean over protein and selection-type groups of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Depth_5+'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.405 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Activity assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Function_Activity'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.317 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Binding assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Function_Binding'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.405 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Expression assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Function_Expression'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.387 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Organismal fitness assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Function_OrganismalFitness'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.488 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Stability assays: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Function_Stability'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.467 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, High MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'High_MSA_depth'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.341 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Low MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Low_MSA_depth'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.422 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Medium MSA depth proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Medium_MSA_depth'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.432 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Human proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Taxa_Human'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.467 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Other eukaryote proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Taxa_Other_Eukaryote'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.436 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Prokaryote proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Taxa_Prokaryote'
Configuration: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]	Protocol: ProteinGym v1.3 zero-shot DMS substitutions Dataset subset: ProteinGym DMS substitution assays at commit 144fe22 (217 assays)	0.333 Spearman (ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Virus proteins: mean over proteins of assay-level Spearman) unitless · higher Uncertainty: Not reported by the source Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible	Evaluation origin not reported · Source checked Methods, coverage and source ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22) ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions, Spearman summary Aggregation: Not reported ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions Spearman summary at commit 144fe22 · benchmarks/DMS_zero_shot/substitutions/Spearman/Summary_performance_DMS_substitutions_Spearman.csv line 53, row 'ESM2 (15B)', column 'Taxa_Virus'

Source checking is not independent reproduction. Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6.

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How it works, versions and access

Related profile: ESM-2. This page retains the exact record and its evaluation context.

This configuration

ESM2 (15B), from the ProteinGym reference scores at commit 144fe22b.

record: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]
configuration: 144fe22b07dfaeec2b366f2346203a9838a55b4c
entity type: Configuration

How it works

ESM-2 tokenizes an amino-acid sequence and uses a transformer encoder trained to recover masked residues. Self-attention lets each residue representation depend on its sequence context. The released model returns token probabilities and embeddings; a specified pooling rule, task head or complete folding pipeline is needed for a particular biological prediction.

Sources (3)

Versions and reproducibility

ESM-2 checkpoint identifiers encode layer count, parameter scale and training-data tag. The checked esm2_t33_650M_UR50D configuration lists max_position_embeddings=1,026. This configuration field includes model positions and is not a claim of training or validated inference on 1,026 amino acids.

Sources (3)

Strengths, limitations and unresolved questions

Strengths and limitations

Strengths and considerations

Released checkpoints span several sizes and can be used without constructing a multiple sequence alignment.
Sources (3)
facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json

Limitations and conditions

A general embedding is not a directly measured function or structure. Fine-tuning, pooling and downstream heads remain part of each evaluated configuration.
Sources (3)
facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json

Profile review details

Follow-up review of Reference checkpoint, Context limits, Training data release, Training cutoff. Source locations and before/after decisions are recorded in the 23 September profile-evidence audit. Other explanatory content retains its earlier source scope. No human scientific review or independent reproduction is implied.

Stable record: discovery-model-esm-2

Specifications

Inputs, training, access and other details

Explanatory profile: limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-23. Review applies to the cited claims; unresolved fields are listed below. Numerical results retain their own review status.

Inputs, outputs and configuration
Property	Description and evidence
Model type	Masked-token protein transformer encoder Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Architecture	Masked-token protein transformer encoder; the checked 650M checkpoint has 33 layers, hidden width 1,280, 20 attention heads and rotary positional encoding. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Inputs	Single amino-acid sequences. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Outputs	Residue embeddings, sequence representations and masked-token predictions. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Parameters	Released scales: 8M, 35M, 150M, 650M, 3B and 15B. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Known versions	ESM-2 checkpoint identifiers encode layer count, parameter scale and training-data tag. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Training data	UniRef50 clusters with UniRef90 sampling; the pretrained-model table labels UR50/D 2021_04. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Training cutoff	The inspected official table establishes an April 2021 UniRef release, but no separate latest-deposited-sequence date. Keep the corpus release distinct from a temporal leakage guarantee. · Not reported in inspected sources Sources facebookresearch/esm: README.md · README: Pre-trained Models and Pre-training Dataset Split
Context limits	The official extraction script truncates to 1,022 residues by default; --truncation_seq_length is configurable. This workflow default is not a universal architecture or validated biological-context limit. Sources esm2 extract: primary artifact · create_parser: --truncation_seq_length; run: get_batch_converter
Weights licence	The official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D model card declares MIT; this is the inspected checkpoint, not a licence inference from source code. Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Access	Official project documentation and implementation: https://github.com/facebookresearch/esm Sources (3) facebookresearch/esm: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: README.md; facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D: config.json · ESM README: Pre-trained Models and Main models; official facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D README licence metadata and config.json
Code licence	MIT Sources facebookresearch/esm: LICENSE · LICENSE: licence text
Reference checkpoint	Example release: facebook/esm2_t33_650M_UR50D at 08e4846e537177426273712802403f7ba8261b6c. Its model.safetensors has registry-reported SHA-256 a08adabb949fa67ad3c14b509d04fd60368b35007b0095e3358f81200c4f4db0. This identifies a downloadable 650M checkpoint, not every ESM-2 evaluation. Sources esm2 release: primary artifact · sha; siblings[model.safetensors].lfs.sha256
Training data release	The official pretrained-model table labels ESM-2 training data UR50/D 2021_04. Sources facebookresearch/esm: README.md · README: Pre-trained Models table, ESM-2 rows

Evidence

Source checking verifies the cited claim or transcription. It does not establish independent reproduction.

Evidence table

Inspect claims, sources and review details

Trace each statement to its source and review. A context-only reference supports the record generally; it does not verify an individual field. Source checking does not reproduce an experiment.

One row per statement and cited source. Multiple citations are not independent evaluations. Shared locators are labelled explicitly.

2 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6
Property and statement	Original source and location	Review and provenance
Facets: method types 1 values foundation_model Individual claims	ProteinGym AMFR assay-level Spearman comparison Original source ↗ Proposer's report, ProteinGym AMFR: protein language and structure-conditioned models fit foundation_model Version: 144fe22b07dfaeec2b366f2346203a9838a55b4c Retrieved: 2026-09-30	conflicting claim ["automated-source-review"] · 2026-10-12 Audit details Correct the method type from none to foundation_model (use-case baseline review 2026-10-12, table 2). Not source-checked in the review; this comparison has no baseline row. Evidence from docs/reviews/use-cases/baselines-2026-10-12.md. Independent review 2026-10-12: approved. See docs/reviews/2026-10-12-method-type-corrections.md. Conflicting source claim: `"[\"foundation_model\"]"`. Claim record status: source_checked. Field: `facets.method_types` Claim: metadata-correction-tags-20261012-dec5119ae92a5b7dcca2 Source artifact SHA-256: `f432423b87f79ac9778dfac86e3d95be041d246bc618dc0a406b35b0b7466437` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact
Relationship: configuration of discovery-model-esm-2 Individual claims	ProteinGym AMFR assay-level Spearman comparison Original source ↗ Pinned ProteinGym Spearman CSV header: ESM2 (15B) Version: 144fe22b07dfaeec2b366f2346203a9838a55b4c Retrieved: 2026-09-30	source checked ["automated-source-review"] · 2026-09-30T21:40:59.576893+00:00 Audit details Field: `links:configuration_of:discovery-model-esm-2` Claim: uc20260930-config-family-b8513e4cf019f3a5 Source artifact SHA-256: `f432423b87f79ac9778dfac86e3d95be041d246bc618dc0a406b35b0b7466437` Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact

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Sources and history

Release 2026-10-22-1b7cf027e4f6 · Record review: source checked

1 source record and release history

ProteinGym AMFR assay-level Spearman comparison · Original source · 144fe22b07dfaeec2b366f2346203a9838a55b4c

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Technical metadata and extraction receipts

Stable ID: uc20260930-proteingym-amfr-config-esm2-15b

areas: proteins-complexes
method types: foundation_model
source locator: See linked evaluation and result locators
missing metadata: checkpoint hash: reason: unextracted
review: method: automated-source-review; reviewer: codex; reviewed at: 2026-09-30T21:40:59.576893+00:00; scope: Primary-source transcription and catalogue applicability audit; not human scientific review or independent experimental reproduction.; reviewer note: role: experimental use-case curation
reported name: ESM2 (15B)
version: 144fe22b07dfaeec2b366f2346203a9838a55b4c
provenance note: Exact official CSV source-label configuration; checkpoint and per-assay scoring details are not inferred from similarly named methods.

Related records

configuration of: ESM-2
subject: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot]: facets.method_types
subject: ESM2 (15B) [ProteinGym 144fe22b snapshot] family identity
system: ESM2 (15B) AMFR official snapshot
system: ESM2 (15B): ProteinGym zero-shot DMS substitutions summary (144fe22)

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