rewire.itbenchmarks
Configuration

RNA-FM

RNA-FM learns contextual representations of RNA nucleotides for downstream RNA analyses.

Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table

43 evaluations · 43 results

How it worksRNA-FM workflow
RNA-FM workflow1. RNA sequence. Then: 2. Nucleotide tokenizer. Then: 3. 12-layer transformer encoder. Then: 4. Contextual nucleotide representationsRNA-FM workflow1. RNA sequence. Then: 2. Nucleotide tokenizer. Then: 3. 12-layer transformer encoder. Then: 4. Contextual nucleotide representationsRNA-FM workflow1. RNA sequence. Then: 2. Nucleotide tokenizer. Then: 3. 12-layer transformer encoder. Then: 4. Contextual nucleotide representations

Conceptual summary of the documented data flow; optional inputs and configured downstream stages must be reported for a reproducible evaluation.

Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table

Overview

Model type

Masked-token RNA transformer encoder

Inputs

RNA sequences tokenized at nucleotide resolution.

Outputs

Contextual token embeddings for a specified downstream RNA task.

Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table

limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-23. All specifications and missing details

Evaluations and results

43 evaluations · 43 results. Different protocols are not a single leaderboard.

Filter evaluations

Applied filters: All linked evaluations

Exact evaluated configurations and original reported results
Tested configurationProtocol and datasetFindingEvidence and details
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench aptamer assays (NABench split)
0.115 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench aptamer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(aptamer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench enhancer assays (NABench split)
0.095 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench enhancer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(enhancer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench mRNA assays (NABench split)
0.259 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench mRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(mRNA)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench promoter assays (NABench split)
0.035 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench promoter assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(promoter)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench ribozyme assays (NABench split)
0.242 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench ribozyme assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(ribozyme)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench CCV-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench tRNA assays (NABench split)
0.345 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench CCV-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, supervised, contiguous cross validation

Scored supervised, contiguous cross validation across the NABench tRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 11, row(RNA-FM), column(tRNA)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-CCV: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Contiguous cross validation Spearman ρ
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.233 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-CCV: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Contiguous cross validation Spearman ρ

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Contiguous cross validation Spearman ρ)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-FS: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Few-shot Spearman ρ
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.183 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-FS: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Few-shot Spearman ρ

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Few-shot Spearman ρ)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-RCV: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Random cross validation Spearman ρ
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.544 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-RCV: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Random cross validation Spearman ρ

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Random cross validation Spearman ρ)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-ZS-AUC: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot AUC
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.541 auc
fraction · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-ZS-AUC: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot AUC

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Zero-shot AUC)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-ZS-CORR: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot Spearman ρ
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.148 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-ZS-CORR: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot Spearman ρ

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Zero-shot Spearman ρ)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-ZS-MCC: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot MCC
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.068 mcc
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-ZS-MCC: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot MCC

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Zero-shot MCC)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench DMS-ZS-NDCG: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot NDCG
Dataset subset: NABench deep mutational scanning assays (NABench split)
0.38 ndcg
fraction · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench DMS-ZS-NDCG: Overall fitness prediction on NABench deep mutational scanning assays, Zero-shot NDCG

Aggregated by the NABench authors across NABench deep mutational scanning assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 6, row(RNA-FM), column(Zero-shot NDCG)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench aptamer assays (NABench split)
0.248 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench aptamer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(aptamer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench enhancer assays (NABench split)
0.009 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench enhancer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(enhancer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench mRNA assays (NABench split)
0.318 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench mRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(mRNA)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench promoter assays (NABench split)
0.159 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench promoter assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(promoter)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench ribozyme assays (NABench split)
0.164 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench ribozyme assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(ribozyme)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench FS-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, few-shot
Dataset subset: NABench tRNA assays (NABench split)
0.232 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench FS-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, few-shot

Scored few-shot across the NABench tRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 9, row(RNA-FM), column(tRNA)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench aptamer assays (NABench split)
0.53 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-APTAMER: Fitness prediction on aptamer assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench aptamer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(aptamer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench enhancer assays (NABench split)
0.256 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-ENHANCER: Fitness prediction on enhancer assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench enhancer assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(enhancer)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench mRNA assays (NABench split)
0.597 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-MRNA: Fitness prediction on mRNA assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench mRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(mRNA)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench promoter assays (NABench split)
0.582 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-PROMOTER: Fitness prediction on promoter assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench promoter assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(promoter)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench ribozyme assays (NABench split)
0.556 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-RIBOZYME: Fitness prediction on ribozyme assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench ribozyme assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(ribozyme)
Configuration: RNA-FMTask: NABench RCV-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, supervised, random cross validation
Dataset subset: NABench tRNA assays (NABench split)
0.587 spearman
correlation · higher

Uncertainty: Not reported

Coverage: Not reported scored / Not reported eligible

Author-reported evaluation · Source checked
Methods, coverage and source

RNA-FM on NABench RCV-CORR-TRNA: Fitness prediction on tRNA assays, supervised, random cross validation

Scored supervised, random cross validation across the NABench tRNA assays.

Aggregation: Not reported

NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction · Table 10, row(RNA-FM), column(tRNA)

Source checking is not independent reproduction. Release 2026-09-29-06401fd5b220.

Use this model

How it works, versions and access

Related profile: RNA-FM. This page retains the exact record and its evaluation context.

This configuration

Nucleotide foundation model evaluated by the NABench authors under their fitness prediction protocol.

record
RNA-FM
configuration
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entity type
Configuration

How it works

How it works

RNA-FM converts an RNA sequence into one token per nucleotide. Twelve transformer encoder blocks use self-attention to produce a 640-dimensional representation at each position. During pretraining, the model learns to recover masked nucleotides from their surrounding sequence. The resulting representations can be supplied to a separately specified downstream model; they are not, by themselves, a structure or functional prediction.

SourcesRNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · arXiv:2204.00300v5, Methods: ncRNA data collection and preprocessing and RNA foundation model training details (p.22)
Versions and reproducibility

The nucleotide-based rna_fm_t12 and codon-based mrna_fm_t12 interfaces are distinct. The original RNA-FM paper sets a training input-length limit of 1,024 and describes a usable limit of 1,022 nucleotides. That limit should not be assigned to mRNA-FM without checking its separate configuration.

Sources (3)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py; RNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · Official README: Quick Start and RNA-FM/mRNA-FM examples; arXiv:2204.00300v5, Methods: training input length and SARS-CoV-2 genome embedding extraction (pp.22–23)
Strengths, limitations and unresolved questions

Strengths and limitations

Limitations and conditions

  • Base-level RNA-FM and codon-level mRNA-FM are not interchangeable. The task head and tokenization must be specified in each evaluation.
    Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Profile review details

Follow-up review of Checkpoint identification, Training cutoff, Weights licence. Source locations and before/after decisions are recorded in the 23 September profile-evidence audit. Other explanatory content retains its earlier source scope. No human scientific review or independent reproduction is implied.

Stable record: discovery-model-rna-fm

Specifications

Inputs, training, access and other details

Explanatory profile: limited source coverage · Automated source review, 2026-09-23. Review applies to the cited claims; unresolved fields are listed below. Numerical results retain their own review status.

Inputs, outputs and configuration
PropertyDescription and evidence
Model typeMasked-token RNA transformer encoder
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Architecture12-layer masked-token transformer encoder with hidden width 640 and 20 attention heads; nucleotide tokens produce contextual representations.
SourcesRNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · arXiv:2204.00300v5, Methods: ncRNA data collection and preprocessing and RNA foundation model training details (p.22)
InputsRNA sequences tokenized at nucleotide resolution.
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
OutputsContextual token embeddings for a specified downstream RNA task.
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Parameters99M, as printed in the official Foundation Models table.
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Known versionsrna_fm_t12 and mrna_fm_t12 are separate pretrained interfaces.
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Training data23.7 million non-coding RNA sequences collected from RNAcentral. The authors replace T with U and remove identical sequences using CD-HIT-EST at 100% identity, naming the resulting corpus RNAcentral100.
SourcesRNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · arXiv:2204.00300v5, Methods: ncRNA data collection and preprocessing and RNA foundation model training details (p.22)
Training cutoffThe original Methods describe RNAcentral100 preprocessing but do not establish a dated RNAcentral release. RNAcentral100 is a processed-corpus label, not a release number. · Not reported in inspected sources
SourcesRNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · arXiv2204.00300v5, Methods: Large-scale pre-training dataset, p22
Context limitsThe original paper sets a training input-length limit of 1,024 and describes a usable input limit of 1,022 nucleotides. These are the original RNA-FM settings, not a validated limit for later codon-based mRNA-FM checkpoints.
SourcesRNA-FM original methods, arXiv v5 · arXiv:2204.00300v5, Methods: RNA foundation model training details (pp.22–23) and RNA-FM application input-limit statement (p.23)
Weights licenceThe official model-comparison table labels RNA-FM MIT, while the README footer explicitly refers to source code. Separate checkpoint-distribution terms remain unverified; the linked weight repository could not be retrieved during this review. · Not reported in inspected sources
Sources (3)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: LICENSE; rnafm loader: primary artifact · README: Related RNA Language Models, RNA-FM row; License footer; LICENSE. Linked https://huggingface.co/ml4bio/RNA-FM returned HTTP401 during the review.
AccessOfficial project documentation and implementation: https://github.com/ml4bio/RNA-FM
Sources (2)ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md; ml4bio/RNA-FM: fm/pretrained.py · README.md: Quick Start, embedding examples and RNA foundation model comparison table
Code licenceMIT
Sourcesml4bio/RNA-FM: LICENSE · LICENSE: licence text
Checkpoint identificationThe official rna_fm_t12 loader downloads RNA-FM_pretrained.pth from the authors’ server. The inspected loader does not pin a checkpoint revision or publish a digest; a code commit alone cannot identify the bytes used by a published evaluation. · Not reported in inspected sources
Sourcesrnafm loader: primary artifact · load_fm_model_and_alphabet_hub: rna_fm_t12 branch, lines155–162

Evidence

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Evidence table

Inspect claims, sources and review details

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One row per statement and cited source. Multiple citations are not independent evaluations. Shared locators are labelled explicitly.

2 evidence rows matching the loaded filters

Claims, original sources and review scope · Release 2026-09-29-06401fd5b220
Property and statementOriginal source and locationReview and provenance
Relationship: family
discovery-model-rna-fm
Individual claims
NABench: Large-Scale Benchmarks of Nucleotide Foundation Models for Fitness Prediction

Original source ↗

BEACON Table 2 and Appendix A.3.2 RNAcentral ncRNA model, Table 3; mRNABench Table 2 and Appendix inventory; NABench model inventory; source-labelled configuration RNA-FM | Existing reviewed locator: Table 7, row(RNA-FM)

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: Primary full-text snapshot retrieved 2026-09-17; exact bytes pinned by SHA-256
Retrieved: 2026-09-17T08:06:28.183421+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-23

Audit details

Source review establishes this relationship only. Exact evaluated configurations and original numerical review status remain unchanged. RNA-FM ncRNA backbone explicitly identified; mRNA-FM is distinct and must not inherit these scores.

Field: links:family:discovery-model-rna-fm

Claim: model-evaluation-identity-c9423272036bfaade5f5

Source artifact SHA-256: fefd48d53b1a7eadf9e14db96adacc8e646304c1b592562d9f136f4508941350

Hash scope: Exact retrieved primary paper artifact bytes.

Inspected artifact

Relationship: family
discovery-model-rna-fm
Individual claims
ml4bio/RNA-FM: README.md

Original source ↗

BEACON Table 2 and Appendix A.3.2 RNAcentral ncRNA model, Table 3; mRNABench Table 2 and Appendix inventory; NABench model inventory; source-labelled configuration RNA-FM | Existing reviewed locator: Table 7, row(RNA-FM)

Shared locator for this statement’s cited sources; not a separate locator for each citation.

Version: 348951516e0963d22bbb33b3c9fc18c89081d38e
Retrieved: 2026-09-16T19:46:19.769679+00:00

source checked

automated source review · 2026-09-23

Audit details

Source review establishes this relationship only. Exact evaluated configurations and original numerical review status remain unchanged. RNA-FM ncRNA backbone explicitly identified; mRNA-FM is distinct and must not inherit these scores.

Field: links:family:discovery-model-rna-fm

Claim: model-evaluation-identity-c9423272036bfaade5f5

Source artifact SHA-256: f9f1c1d62adc471661ca98b30c0250e9f3ce0cff7433830f149f5f48ea41c3da

Hash scope: SHA-256 of retrieved original artifact bytes

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Stable ID: nabench-method-rna-fm

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