| Comparison: adaptation scGPT and Geneformer zero-shot from pretrained weights (scGPT random: no pretraining); scVI and Harmony fitted on each dataset with batch labels; HVG computed from each dataset Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.adaptation Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: aggregation Median and best value across datasets Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.aggregation Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: budget Not reported Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | missing or unspecified No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.budget Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: dataset version Not reported Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | missing or unspecified No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.dataset_version Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: inputs Each dataset's expression matrix with cell-type and batch labels; 2,000 HVG standard across experiments Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.inputs Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: metric implementation Pearson correlation of true and predicted scaled gene rankings (Methods page 10) Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.metric_implementation Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: population Not reported Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | missing or unspecified No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.population Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: protocol id gfm-guides-20261014-kedzierska2025-protocol-geneformer-reconstruction Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.protocol_id Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Comparison: split No split; each whole dataset embedded and scored Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.comparison.split Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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| Origin independent_paper Context-only references | Zero-shot evaluation reveals limitations of single-cell foundation models (Kedzierska et al. 2025, Genome Biology 26:101) Original source ↗ Page 5, paragraph before Fig. 2 caption Version: Version of record, Genome Biology 26:101, published 2025-04-18 Retrieved: 2026-10-14T12:01:07Z | not individually reviewed No individual claim review recorded independent paper Audit detailsField: attributes.origin Source artifact SHA-256: 8efcc5fcb2e35b9a04b1ee9e03581e20fffeb5521a4a4c748a6f9b34f7d3c47f Hash scope: Hash scope not separately documented; inspect source record Inspected artifact |
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